body {
    font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    background-color: white;
    color: #333;
}

header {
    background: #343a40; 
    color: white;
    padding: 60px 20px;
    text-align: center;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

header h1 {
    margin: 0;
    font-size: 2.5em;
    font-weight: 300;
}

header p {
    margin: 10px 0 0;
    font-size: 1.2em;
    font-weight: 300;
}

nav {
    background: #333;
}

nav ul {
    list-style-type: none;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    overflow: hidden;
    text-align: center;
}

nav ul li {
    display: inline-block; /* Changed from inline to inline-block */
    position: relative; /* Added to position submenu relative to parent */
}

nav ul li a {
    display: block;
    color: white;
    text-align: center;
    padding: 14px 20px;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: background 0.3s ease;
}

nav ul li a:hover {
    background: #575757;
}

/* Submenu styles */
nav ul li ul.submenu {
    display: none; /* Initially hidden */
    position: absolute; /* Position relative to parent */
    background-color: #333;
    min-width: 160px;
    z-index: 1;
    top: 100%; /* Position submenu below the parent */
    left: 0;
}

nav ul li ul.submenu li {
    display: block; /* Ensure submenu items are block elements */
}

nav ul li ul.submenu li a {
    text-align: left;
    padding: 12px 16px;
}

/* End submenu styles */

main {
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 20px auto;
    padding: 20px;
    background: white;
    border-radius: 8px;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.container {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    justify-content: space-between;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.contact-section {
    background-color: #f8f9fa;
    padding: 40px 20px;
    text-align: center;
    border-top: 1px solid #dee2e6;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #dee2e6;
    margin-top: 40px;
}

.contact-section h2 {
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    font-size: 2em;
    color: #2c3e50;
}

.contact-form {
    max-width: 600px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    text-align: left;
}

.form-group {
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.form-group label {
    display: block;
    margin-bottom: 5px;
    font-weight: bold;
    color: #2c3e50;
}

.contact-form input,
.contact-form textarea {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 10px;
    border: 1px solid #ccc;
    border-radius: 4px;
    font-size: 1em;
}

.contact-form input:focus,
.contact-form textarea:focus {
    border-color: #495057;
    outline: none;
    box-shadow: 0 0 5px rgba(73, 80, 87, 0.3);
}

.contact-form button {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 15px;
    border: none;
    border-radius: 4px;
    background-color: #2c3e50;
    color: white;
    font-size: 1.2em;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: background-color 0.3s ease;
}

.contact-form button:hover {
    background-color: #495057;
}

#bio, #photo {
    flex: 1;
    padding: 20px;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

#photo {
    text-align: center;
}

#photo img {
    border-radius: 50%;
    width: 150px;
    height: 150px;
    object-fit: cover;
    margin-top: 20px;
    border: 3px solid #2c3e50;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

#photo img:hover {
    transform: scale(1.1);
}

#links {
    text-align: center;
}

#links a {
    color: #2980b9;
    text-decoration: none;
    margin: 0 10px;
    font-size: 1.1em;
    transition: color 0.3s ease;
}

#links a:hover {
    color: #1c598a;
}

#publications {
    text-align: left;
}

.publication {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.publication img {
    width: 150px;
    height: auto;
    margin-right: 20px;
}

.publication-details {
    flex: 1;
}

.publication-details h3 {
    margin: 0 0 10px;
    font-size: 1.2em;
    color: #333;
}

.publication-details p {
    margin: 0 0 10px;
    font-size: 1em;
    color: #666;
}

.publication-details .links a {
    margin-right: 15px;
    color: #2980b9;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.publication-details .links a:hover {
    text-decoration: underline;
}

footer {
    text-align: center;
    padding: 20px;
    background: #f7f7f7;
}

#back-to-top {
    display: none;
    position: fixed;
    bottom: 20px;
    right: 20px;
    padding: 10px 15px;
    background-color: #007BFF;
    color: #fff;
    border: none;
    border-radius: 4px;
    cursor: pointer;
}

#back-to-top:hover {
    background-color: #0056b3;
}